This tool calculates the volumes required for diluting a concentrated (stock) solution to a desired lower concentration.
It uses the fundamental dilution equation derived from conservation of solute amount:
\[ C_1 V_1 = C_2 V_2 \]
where:
- \( C_1 \) is the initial concentration
- \( V_1 \) is the volume of stock solution used
- \( C_2 \) is the desired final concentration
- \( V_2 \) is the final volume of diluted solution
The tool supports two common laboratory scenarios:
1. Fixed final volume (V₂) — calculates how much stock solution (V₁) to take and how much solvent to add.
2. Fixed stock volume (V₁) — calculates the final volume (V₂) after dilution.
Concentrations can be in any consistent unit (M, %, ppm, etc.) as long as both C₁ and C₂ use the same unit. Volumes are in milliliters for practical lab use.
Essential for preparing working solutions from concentrates, serial dilutions, standard curves, and reagent preparation in chemistry, pharmacy, and biology labs.
